Introduction: Twelve to 40% patients developed hypertrophic scars after skin burns. Post-burn hypertrophic
scars may be associated with pain, erythema, pruritus and dysesthesia, that decrease
quality of life of the patients, and are characterized by chronic inflammation and
skin retraction due to an excess production of connective tissue by fibroblasts. Hypertrophic
scars contain significantly more mast cells than mature scars and this infiltration
seems to be an important contributor to the pathological evolution of the scar. Indeed,
mast cells secreted high amounts of cytokines and growth factors, responsible of chronic
inflammation of the scar and they secreted molecules such as histamine and tryptase
that stimulate the production of connective tissue by the fibroblasts. Previous study
demonstrated that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) inhibited
the activation and the degranulation of mast cells. Therefore, we studied the effect
of adipose-derived stromal cells (ASCs), that have similar immunosuppressive capacities
than BM-MSCs, but are easily obtained by liposuction, on mast cells.
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