Allocetra™ (Enlivex Therapeutics Ltd.) is a cell-based therapy composed of donor mononuclear-enriched
leukocytes, containing early apoptotic cells with no necrotic cells. It was shown
as safe and potentially efficacious for the prevention of aGVHD in patients with hematologic
malignancies (Mevorach et al. BBMT 2014). Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-modified T cells with specificity against
CD19 have shown promise in highly refractory hematologic malignancies, albeit with
significant toxicity. 30% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia develop severe
forms of CRS and possibly related neurotoxicity. CRS resembles macrophage-activating
syndrome and hemophagocytosis in response to CAR T-secreting IFN-g and possibly added
cytokines. We tested the effects of early apoptotic cells on CRS and CAR T cell cytotoxicity.
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