Current cell-based therapies are almost completely unrecognizable from their origins
half a century ago in autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Today's
cellular therapies have greater diversity, broader applicability, and more deliberately
designed functions [
1
,
2
]. In over 50 years, an ever increasing variety of cells has been used in therapy,
ranging from different T-cell subsets, NK cells, dendritic cells, mesenchymal stromal
cells, to induced pluripotent cells most recently. The cellular therapies have been
used in an even wider variety of disorders and clinical settings beyond the original
context of leukemia immune deficiency and marrow failure, with more than 2,700 clinical
trials for cell therapies in the last decade alone [
[3]
]. Importantly, a more precise control of their behavior has been provided by gene
insertion to modify the function of therapeutic cells. Ever-improving tools of genetic
engineering have been used to confer properties like redirected function, improved
survival, and better safety profiles. Gene modified cell therapies are enormously
complex and challenging to implement, but the rewards of harnessing their powerful
therapeutic effects have paved the way for increased participation from both academic
and commercial institutions.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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References
- Cells: from Robert Hooke to cell therapy—a 350 year journey.Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2015; 19: 370
- Cell therapy industry: billion dollar global business with unlimited potential.Regen Med. 2011; 6: 265-272
- A decade of cell therapy clinical trials (2000–2010).Regen Med. 2012; 7: 455-462
- Gene-modified, cell-based therapies.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1351-1359
- Cellular therapy for sickle cell disease.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1360-1369
- Engineering hematopoietic stem cells towards a functional cure of human immunodeficiency virus infection.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1370-1381
- Realism and pragmatism in developing an effective CAR T cell product for solid cancers.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1382-1392
- Current clinical applications of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1393-1409
- Improving efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by genetic modification of natural killer cells.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1410-1421
- Expanded and armed natural killer cells for cancer treatment.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1422-1434
- Genetically modified mesenchymal stromal cells in cancer therapy.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1435-1445
- Gene-modified dendritic cell vaccines for cancer.Cytotherapy. 2016; 18: 1446-1455
Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 26, 2016
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© 2016 International Society for Cellular Therapy. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
